Human Respiratory Organs
In order for human beings to survive, we have to breathe, and so we have the respiratory tract, which is the passage that air travels along from the outside to our lungs. The respiratory system consists of the respiratory tract and respiratory organs, and is known as pulmonary respiration. In humans, the respiratory tract is a complex system, made up of six key organs.
The Nasal Cavity. The Nasal Cavity is situated above the mouth, and accesses the external atmosphere through the nostrils, and internally it accessed the pharynx with the internal nostrils. The nasal cavity helps filter out dust particles from the outside environment with the cilia and with mucus.
The Pharynx: The pharynx is the next stop for air after the nasal cavity. The glottis is the mechanism by which the pharynx opens into the larynx or voice box. The glottis also serves another important purpose. Because the digestive and respiratory tract both share the pharynx, the glottis is covered by the leaf like cartilage epiglottis when we swallow food, which prevents food getting into the respiratory system.
The Larynx. The Larynx is a cartilagious structure located at the tracheal opening that resembles a box. When we swallow food, the larynx will move up or down to allow the passage of either air or food. The larynx also serves another purpose, as it contains two vocal chords to vibrate and produce sound, allowing us to speak.
Trachea:- Larynx is followed by trachea.It is tube about eleven centimeter in length and twenty five centimeter in diameter. Its wall is provided with incomplete C-shape cartiligious ring which keep the trachea in dilated position and prevent it from collapsing.
Bronchi and Bronchioles:- At its lower end, the trachea splits into two primary bronchi.The right bronchus is divided in three bronchi which extend seperatly into the three lobies of right lung.Similarly the left bronchi is divided into two bronchi penetrating into the two lobies of left lung.
Lungs:- There are two lungs in the thoracic cavity.The thoracic cavaty is bounded by vertebral coloumn arrives sternum and diaphragm.The lungs are highly elastic hollow dark coloured spongi bag like structure. The lungs rest on a sheet of muscle called the diaphragm which forms the floor of the thoracic.
The right lung is divided into three lobies whereas the left lung has two lobies.The lungs are sorrounded by a narrow shape called pleural cavaty.There are two membranes around pleural cavaty.These membrane secret an oily fluid called pleural fluid.Pleural cavity is filled with pleural fluid.
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